Radio NZ reports:
The article, released on Friday and written by Otago University Professor Nick Wilson, researcher Dr John Horrocks and George Thomson, discusses the growing international concern around impaired leaders, especially in a world of heightened geopolitical instability.
Horrocks noted former United States president Joe Biden during his election campaign debate against opponent Donald Trump last year when Biden shocked viewers with poor skills and slurring words.
The article referred to previous research that concluded: “Who ends up in office plays a critical role in determining when and why countries go to war”.
It examined the four New Zealand cases and called for further research into other impaired former prime ministers, and a discussion around possible safeguarding against such situations including requiring independent medical assessments.
This is all rather silly, and misses a key point of difference between a US President and a NZ Prime Minister.
A US President is elected for a fixed term, and can’t be removed from office except via impeachment or the 25th Amendment – both almost impossible to do.
A NZ Prime Minister only retains office so long as they have the confidence of the House, or more pragmatically the confidence of their own caucus. If a PM is not up to the job, their caucus can remove them.
An other key differences is access. A US President can be shielded in a way a NZ PM can’t be. Every week they have to chair cabinet, chair caucus, attend two to three hours of question time in the House, do a press conference and several media standups.
The four case studies highlighted leaders with diminished capacity leading to reckless decision-making.
The four prime ministers were Sir Joseph Ward, who died at 74 just six weeks after leaving office in May 1930, Michael Joseph Savage, who died in office on 27 March 1940 at age 68, Norman Kirk who was 51 when he died in office in August 1974 and Sir Robert Muldoon, who was on various medications and whose drinking contributed to the demise of his leadership in 1984.
You can be dying, but that doesn’t mean you have diminished capacity for decision making. Let’s look at these in turn.
Ward definitely should not have continued on as PM. He had multiple heart attacks, refused to resign, and Forbes was the effective PM. But this was the 1930s, without the media and public scrutiny we have today.
Savage had cancer and died in office. However I haven’t seen any information to suggest we was unable to make decisions. In fact he engineered the expulsion of John A Lee just before he died. I don’t see the case for Savage being forced out earlier.
Kirk is a bit more nuanced. He was physically very unwell, but was he mentally unable to govern? Well he did have fairly significant paranoia about his colleagues trying to undermine him, or roll him – but I’m not sure this was related to his physical health. And he may have been right!
Muldoon shouldn’t even be in the list at all. He was definitely a heavy drinker, but he was clearly in command of his faculties and the government. He was renowned for attention to detail.
So the only clear case for early removal was Ward, and that was a century ago. There is no problem that needs solving.
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